Stands for "Organic Light Emitting Diode" and is pronounced "oh-led." OLED is a type of flat panel display similar to a screen that does not require a backlight. Instead, each LED in a panel OLED lights individually.
OLED screen has six layers that work together to produce color images. These layers include the following, from bottom to top:
1. Substrate - the base structure that supports the panel; typically made of glass or plastic
2. Anode - a transparent layer which withdraws electrons when an electric current passes through the
3. conductive layer - containing organic molecules or polymers, such as polyaniline, which transfer electrical current from the emissive layer
4. emissive layer - contains organic molecules or polymers such as polyfluorene that light when current is passed through the
5. Cathode - injects electrons in the other layers when current flows therethrough
6. Cover - the top layer of the screen protector; typically made of glass or plastic
How does an OLED screen?
OLED display light using a process called electrophosphorescence. While this may seem like an intimidating term, the process is relatively simple. The electric current flows from the cathode (negatively charged) at the anode (positively charged), causing electrons to move to the emitting layer. These electrons find "holes" (where electrons missing atoms) in the conductive layer and produce light when they fill these holes. The color of the light depends on the organic molecule as the current passes through the emissive layer.
Since the OLED illuminating diodes individually, there is no need for a backlight. This means that OLEDs can have darker blacks LED / LCD displays and use less electricity. Are thinner and can also be curved or even flexible. Although OLEDs have many advantages over LED / LCD displays, it was expensive to produce large OLED reliable. Therefore, OLEDs were more frequent in small electronic devices, such as smartphones and tablets. As production costs decrease OLED and reliability increases, the technology will become more commonly used in larger screens, such as televisions and computer monitors.